All Issue

2025 Vol.19, Issue 1

Research Article

Development of Bricks for Utilizing Discarded Fallen Leaf and Environmental Assessment

폐기성 낙엽을 활용하기 위한 벽돌 개발 및 환경성 평가

Ji-Yeong Byeon1
,
Min-Kyeong Kim1
,
Yeon-Hwi Lee1
,
Kang-Won Oh2
,
Seong-Jin Chang3*
변 지영1
,
김 민경1
,
이 연휘1
,
오 강원2
,
장 성진3*
1Bachelor’s Course Student, Department of Interior Materials Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
2President, Sung il Engineering, Bucheon, Gyeonggi, Korea
3Associate Professor, Department of Interior Materials Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
1경상국립대학교 인테리어재료공학과 학사과정
2성일엔지니어링 대표
3경상국립대학교 인테리어재료공학과 부교수
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2025. pp. 1-11
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study explores the potential of recycling urban fallen leaves into eco-friendly building materials by developing compressed leaf bricks using natural adhesives such as dextrin, albumin, gelatin, and casein. The research targeted Jinju City, South Korea, which produces an annual leaf waste volume of 31.41 tons. Fallen leaves were dried, processed, and compressed into bricks measuring 190×90×57 mm, adhering to KS L 4201 standards. Durability and combustion tests evaluated their physical and environmental performance. Albumin and gelatin-based bricks exhibited superior water resistance, suitable for temporary structures such as small agricultural facilities and lightweight partitions. Combustion tests revealed low emissions of formaldehyde (HCHO) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), ensuring environmental safety. Transportation simulations showed that compressing leaves into bricks reduced carbon emissions by 69.6% compared to transporting uncompressed leaves. These findings demonstrate the potential of leaf bricks in mitigating urban waste while providing an eco-friendly construction material. Future studies will focus on optimizing large-scale production processes and comparing the compressive strength and water absorption of leaf bricks with conventional clay bricks.

Keywords
친환경 건축재료
낙엽
천연 접착제
탄소 배출량
키워드
Eco-friendly building materials
Leaves
Natural adhesive
Carbon emissions
References
1

Choi, G.S., Noh, J.H., Sung, Y.J. (2020). Preparation of Sheet-like Composite by using Fallen Leaves. Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry, 52(5), 127-134.

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2020.10.52.5.127
2

Choi, Y.S., Ochirpurev, B., Chae, H.Y., Eom, S.Y., KIm, Y.D., Kim, H. (2021). Health Risk Related to Waste Incineration. Korean Society of Environmental Health, 47(1), 20-35.

3

Kim, D.B., Lee, S.H., Lee, C., Lee, K.B. (2024). A Study on the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Vehicles Due to the In-house Logistics of Steel Enterpris. Global e-Business Association, 24(1), 199-210.

10.20462/tebs.2023.4.24.2.199
4

Kim, D.S., Sung, Y.J. (2020). The Change in the Properties of Seeding Pad by the Fallen Leaves. Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry, 52(4), 89-97.

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2020.08.52.4.89
5

Kim, S.H., Lee, M.H., Sung, Y.J., (2023). Changes in Char Properties according to Carbonization Conditions of Urban Fallen Leaves. Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry, 55(4), 49-56.

10.7584/JKTAPPI.2023.8.55.4.49
6

Kwak, I.H., Park, K.H., Hwang, Y.W., Park, J.H. (2012). Development and Application of Carbon Emissions Estimation Methodology during the Life Cycle of Road. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 34(6), 382-390.

10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.6.382
7

Kwon, E.H., Son, J.I., Kwon, Y.H., Kim, K.H., Youn, Y.S., Lee, S.Y., Jeon, T.W., Shin, S.K. (2017). Study on Characteristics of Air Pollutant Emission from Industrial Waste Small-scale Incinerators. Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management, 34(4), 402-409.

10.9786/kswm.2017.34.4.402
8

Lee, M.C. (2015). Environment-Friendly Adhesives. Korea Paking Association Inc., 271, 51-60.

9

Min, H.J., Kim, J.H. (2016). Evaluation of Possibility on Adhesive containing Casein for Cosmetic. The Korean Society of Beauty and Arts, 17(2), 107-116.

10.18693/jksba.2016.17.2.107
10

Oh, J.K., Lim, D.H., Kim, S.H., Park, J.Y., Kim, H.J. (2008) Natural adhesives for packaging. Korea Paking Association Inc., 185, 60-64.

11

Park, D.S., Lee, D.H. (2023). Efficiency Analysis of the Operation of Domestic Waste Incineration Plants in 15 Korean Local Governments. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 23(1), 536-551.

10.5392/JKCA.2023.23.01.536
12

Wi, K.C., Oh, S.J., Han, W.S., Park, M.S. (2019). A Study on Multiple Bases for Development of Natural Adhesives for Woodcraft using Cellulose Extracts from Wood and their Application Potential -Focused on Salicis radicis cortex, hibiscus, Chinese wild peach resin-. The Korean Society of Science and Art, 37(5), 239-248.

10.17548/ksaf.2019.12.30.239
13

Yoon, S.H., Shim, C.S., Hong, J.S., Jung, Y.M. (2022). Effects of Urban Forest Healing Progaram Education and Activites on Emotional Rest -Focusing on Healing Recovery Environment Awareness, Attention Recovery and Leisure Activities Satisfaction-. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 22(6), 386-399.

14

Rural Development Research Institute. (2020). Research on recycling of fallen leaves (fuel/composting), 73-6430000-000486-01.

15

KS L 4201. (2022). Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology. Clay Brick.

Information
  • Publisher :Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국건축친환경설비학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국건축친환경설비학회논문집
  • Volume : 19
  • No :1
  • Pages :1-11
  • Received Date : 2024-12-16
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-27
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22696/jkiaebs.20250001
Journal Informaiton Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
Manuscript Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close