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Research Article
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Method for Determining the Representative Mean Radiant Temperature for Heating and Cooling Control Application
냉난방 제어 적용을 위한 평균복사온도 대푯값 산정방법
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Kwon, Sung-Jin, Lee, Dong-Seok
권성진, 이동석
- The mean radiant temperature (MRT) is a critical element affecting occupant thermal comfort in indoor spaces. However, because the spatial distribution of …
- The mean radiant temperature (MRT) is a critical element affecting occupant thermal comfort in indoor spaces. However, because the spatial distribution of MRT values varies, it is difficult to provide MRT information to the building heating and cooling control system. This study provides a brief review of the existing methods for determining the representative MRT value in a single zone and suggests a method to derive its reasonable value. First, three existing methods of determining the representative MRT were reviewed, and their limitations were analyzed. Then, a new method was proposed to address these limitations. Finally, an experimental study was conducted to compare the representative MRT values obtained from both the existing and proposed methods under two different shading control conditions. The results of this study highlight the significance of measuring and applying MRT in real building operations. - COLLAPSE
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Method for Determining the Representative Mean Radiant Temperature for Heating and Cooling Control Application
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Research Article
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Development of a Program for Analyzing Data Center Cooling Energy and Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) Considering Off-Design Performance of Equipment
장비의 off-design 성능을 고려한 데이터센터 냉방 에너지 및 PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness) 분석 프로그램 개발
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Kim, Ji-Hye, Kim, Hee-Gang
김지혜, 김희강
- DCSim developed in this study is characterized by its integration of specific features unique to data centers. It streamlines the computation of …
- DCSim developed in this study is characterized by its integration of specific features unique to data centers. It streamlines the computation of cooling loads, thus minimizing the burden of input, and delivers energy consumption data for data center cooling systems with a level of precision comparable to that of commercial dynamic energy analysis tools. This empowers data center engineers to make informed decisions based on energy efficiency enhancements, thereby strengthening their ability to improve energy efficiency. The accuracy of the DCSim tool was verified by comparing it with DesignBuilder v7.0.2.4, a commercial building energy analysis software based on EnergyPlus. The hourly power data for each piece of equipment calculated using both tools were compared. The CVRMSE (Coefficient of the variation of the root mean square error) ranged from 0% to 9.3% for the chilled water system, and from 1.4% to 10.75% for the air-side economizer. - COLLAPSE
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Development of a Program for Analyzing Data Center Cooling Energy and Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) Considering Off-Design Performance of Equipment
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Research Article
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Simplification and Training of Models in TRNSYS Environment for Assessing Monthly Annual Energy Performance: A Simulation Case Study for Heating and Cooling of an Office Public Building with Solar PVT and Heat Pump System
TRNSYS 환경에서 모델 단순화와 학습을 통한 월별 연간 에너지 성능 평가: 태양광열 적용 사무용 공공건물의 히트펌프 냉난방 시뮬레이션 사례 분석
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Lee, Kyoung-Ho, Joo, Hong-Jin, An, Young-Sub, Lee, Wang-Je
이경호, 주홍진, 안영섭, 이왕제
- The study represent a method to predict monthly annual energy performance of buildings is proposed by using short-term data to train models …
- The study represent a method to predict monthly annual energy performance of buildings is proposed by using short-term data to train models for building energy systems, followed by predicting monthly annual energy performance. The building energy system model is simplified in the TRNSYS environment to reduce parameters. A simulation case study for an office building was conducted using TRNSYS detailed models to generate data for training the simplified model. Training periods ranged from 2 to 8 weeks, covering heating and cooling periods. Annual net energy performance was defined by subtracting solar PVT module electricity production from heat pump electricity consumption. Weather information was assumed to be accurately known. The building energy system in this case study mainly comprised an air-source heat pump system, solar PVT modules, ground heat exchangers, a buffer thermal storage tanks and water-to-air heat exchangers and so on. Target elements for model simplifications included building thermal load, heat pump COP, electrical and thermal efficiency of solar PVT modules, and ground heat exchangers. Specifically, the building model was simplified from numerous parameters for Type 56 to four parameters for Type 88 lumped building model. Results of the proposed method showed over 90% accuracy with more than 6 weeks of training data based on NMBE error. The simplified model method can be applied when sufficient data for extended periods are unavailable, enabling prediction of monthly annual energy performance over long periods. Further studies should focus on training and evaluating using actual building data and improving the simplified model. - COLLAPSE
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Simplification and Training of Models in TRNSYS Environment for Assessing Monthly Annual Energy Performance: A Simulation Case Study for Heating and Cooling of an Office Public Building with Solar PVT and Heat Pump System
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Research Article
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Indoor Air Quality Assessment of Timber Passive Houses: Comparative Analysis Using Commercial Sensors and Air Sampling, and Consideration of VOC Standards
목조 패시브하우스의 실내공기질 평가: 상용 센서와 공기 포집을 통한 비교 분석 및 VOC 기준 고찰
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Kim, Ju-Hee, Ko, Yu-Jeong, Lee, Mu-Seong, Choi, Sang-Ho, Park, Jong-Il, Jeong, Su-Gwang
김주희, 고유정, 이무성, 최상호, 박종일, 정수광
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) significantly impact indoor air quality. Notably, Natural Organic Compounds (NVOC) emitted by plants are beneficial for human health, …
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) significantly impact indoor air quality. Notably, Natural Organic Compounds (NVOC) emitted by plants are beneficial for human health, offering sterilization and stress relief effects. With the rise of carbon neutrality and the Green New Deal policies, there has been an increase in wooden house constructions. In these environments, high NVOC levels can be mistaken for elevated Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) levels, falsely suggesting poor air quality. Additionally, the tight sealing in wooden passive houses can prevent proper ventilation, trapping pollutants inside. This study assessed the energy performance and indoor air quality of wooden passive houses using various sensors and methods, including commercial sensors and Tenax-TA adsorption with GC/MS analysis. Results showed that while the passive house standards were met, discrepancies in TVOC measurements between methods were observed, with air sampling often exceeding safe levels due to NVOC from wood. This calls for a reassessment of NVOC’s role in air quality evaluations and a review of current assessment methods. - COLLAPSE
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Indoor Air Quality Assessment of Timber Passive Houses: Comparative Analysis Using Commercial Sensors and Air Sampling, and Consideration of VOC Standards
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Research Article
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Experimental and Energy Performance Analysis of a Rotational Type Direct Evaporative Cooler to Improve Performance of Air-source Heat Pumps
공기열원 히트펌프의 성능 향상을 위한 회전형 직접식 증발 냉각기의 실험 및 에너지 소비량 분석
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Park, Sang-Hwan, Kim, Beom-Jun, Jeong, Jae-Weon
박상환, 김범준, 정재원
- This study developed a novel rotational direct evaporative cooler and experimentally evaluated cooling performance. In the rotational direct evaporative cooler, the air …
- This study developed a novel rotational direct evaporative cooler and experimentally evaluated cooling performance. In the rotational direct evaporative cooler, the air is cooled by rotating media and the media is wetted in the sump without water spray. The developed system is tested in various air conditions to investigate the evaporative cooling performance of the proposed system. The results showed that evaporative cooling efficiency of the rotational direct evaporative cooler was 40–53% based on the water temperature. The comparison analysis was conducted for water and energy consumption with reference direct evaporative cooling system, and the proposed system uses less water and energy than the reference system. An energy consumption analysis was conducted for heat pump application, and 16.2% of energy savings was shown in the proposed system compared to a conventional heat pump air conditioning system. - COLLAPSE
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Experimental and Energy Performance Analysis of a Rotational Type Direct Evaporative Cooler to Improve Performance of Air-source Heat Pumps
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Research Article
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Energy Efficiency Analysis of Fuel Cells in Apartment Housing
공동주택의 연료전지 적용성 평가
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Yoo, Jung-Hyun, Bang, Sun-Kyu, Kim, Sa-Ra
유정현, 방선규, 김사라
- This study analyzes the feasibility of applying fuel cells under 12 operating conditions, considering system capacity and operating schedule, based on actual …
- This study analyzes the feasibility of applying fuel cells under 12 operating conditions, considering system capacity and operating schedule, based on actual energy consumption data from a 980-unit residential complex. The results and implications of the study are as follows: (1) While it is feasible to consider both hot water supply and heating as energy supply targets from fuel cells, taking heating into account suggests a high likelihood of partial load operation of fuel cells for extended periods during the summer. Therefore, this study examines an approach that considers only electricity and hot water consumption. (2) By varying the capacity and operating schedule of the fuel cells, it was analyzed that they could handle 34.6% to 86.5% of the electricity consumption and 74.9% to 100% of the hot water consumption. However, due to the unit price of city gas, it was found that the actual costs borne by residents tend to increase. (3) To ensure the efficiency of fuel cells, it was analyzed that installing thermal storage tanks with a capacity of at least 4.4 tons to a maximum of 17.2 tons is necessary depending on the operating method. The capacity of the thermal storage tank was 5% to 10% larger in summer than in winter, but no significant seasonal differences were observed. (4) Due to the imbalance between energy usage and production, surplus electricity and excess heat generated from fuel cells could occur. Based on this, the study suggests an installation capacity of 0.2 kW per household for a standard household of 3-4 people. (5) From an economic perspective, the city gas generation cost is approximately 210 ₩/kW compared to the current grid power generation cost of 88 ₩/kW. Adjusting the gas price and assigning value to greenhouse gas emissions could contribute to the expansion of fuel cell adoption. - COLLAPSE
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Energy Efficiency Analysis of Fuel Cells in Apartment Housing
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Research Article
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Establishment of Digital Platform Construction Process for Activation of Green Remodeling
그린리모델링 활성화를 위한 디지털 플랫폼 활용 프로세스 정립
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Lee, Su-In, Ahn, Ho-Sang, Kang, Jae-Sik
이수인, 안호상, 강재식
- To achieve the 2030 national greenhouse gas reduction goals, Korean Government brings various policies to implement specific plan. Particularly in the building …
- To achieve the 2030 national greenhouse gas reduction goals, Korean Government brings various policies to implement specific plan. Particularly in the building sector, the ‘Green Remodeling Support Policy’ is being carried out to enhance energy efficiency through the refurbishment of aging buildings. In order for this policy to be effectively implemented, it is necessary to conduct case studies and analyze previous green remodeling support projects. This paper identifies the problems in previous green remodeling support projects, and proposes a digital approach to proceed green remodeling projects in effective and resolve the following issues as well. Current green remodeling process has limitations such as qualitative and subjective target selection, lack of connectivity between each stage, inaccurate cost estimation not reflecting on-site conditions, and a decline in quality due to discrepancies between design and on-site construction. The proposed green remodeling process in this study includes the following features: 1) Digitization of the energy status of buildings, 2) Establishment of green remodeling goals and cost estimation, 3) Diagnostics data-based energy performance prediction simulation and automated design technology, 4) Visualization of building information. Accordingly, it is expected that the proposed process will overcome the existing limitations and contribute to the improvement of energy efficiency in the construction sector, thus contributing to the national greenhouse gas reduction goals. - COLLAPSE
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Establishment of Digital Platform Construction Process for Activation of Green Remodeling
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Research Article
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Impact of Architectural Layouts on Heating and Cooling Energy Performance in High-Rise Residential Buildings
공동주택 건축적 평면구성이 냉난방 에너지 성능에 미치는 영향
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Kim, Chul, Jung, Gun-Joo
김철, 정근주
- Multi-family apartments are a representative type of housing in Korea, and most Koreans live in these apartments. The layout of apartment houses …
- Multi-family apartments are a representative type of housing in Korea, and most Koreans live in these apartments. The layout of apartment houses has been continuously evolving in compliance with building energy codes and social trends. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of the number of bays as a layout component of apartment houses on heating and cooling energy usage. For this, ECO2, a representative code-compliant program, was used to evaluate the impact on heating and cooling energy demand, usage, and primary energy usage for 2-4 bay apartment units in three different climatic regions (i.e., Central 1, South, Jeju) and four different orientations (i.e., East, West, South, North) using three different envelope standards (i.e., 1984, 2010, and 2023). The results showed that the changes of the apartment floor plan layouts have a significant impact on heating and cooling energy use and the increase of the number of bay would contribute to reducing annual heating and cooling energy consumption. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference for the development of energy conservation measures for future apartment complexes. - COLLAPSE
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Impact of Architectural Layouts on Heating and Cooling Energy Performance in High-Rise Residential Buildings
Journal Informaiton
Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
한국건축친환경설비학회
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Tel: +82-2-552-0412 / Fax: +82-2-552-8012 / E-mail: kiaebs@kiaebs.org Copyright© Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems. Powered by APUB
Tel: +82-2-552-0412 / Fax: +82-2-552-8012 / E-mail: kiaebs@kiaebs.org Copyright© Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems. Powered by APUB